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Johan Nordahl Brun Grieg, known as Nordahl Grieg,〔Nordahl is not a given name, but a middle name〕 (1 November 1902 – 2 December 1943) was a Norwegian poet, novelist, dramatist, journalist and political activist.〔(''100-årsmarkering for Nordahl Grieg'' (NRK © 2010) )〕 He was a popular poet and a controversial public figure in his lifetime.〔http://www.nrk.no/programmer/tv_arkiv/drommen_om_norge/4360577.html〕 Nordahl Grieg was never a member of the Communist Party of Norway, after agreement with the party, to serve the Communist idea. Nordahl could do better party work outside the party, without being the target of the witch hunt against communists. He served as chair of the political organization Friends of the Soviet Union (1935–1940).〔 His biography Til ungdommen : Nordahl Griegs liv (For the youth : the life of Nordahl Grieg). Gyldendal, 1989. ISBN 82-05-29946-3〕 He was the brother of publisher Harald Grieg. == Background == Johan Nordahl Brun Grieg was born in Bergen, Norway, the son of lector Peter Grieg and Helga née Vollan. Grieg was married to actress Gerd Egede-Nissen. He was related to the famous composer Edvard Grieg (though very remotely), and brother of the powerful Norwegian publisher Harald Grieg. Grieg studied at King Frederick’s University (now the University of Oslo) and spent some time travelling abroad, sometimes as a tourist and sometimes as a sailor. Receiving the "Norway Scholarship" for 1924, Grieg spent a yeat at Wadham College, Oxford, studying history and literature. At least one of Grieg's poems, "Kapellet i Wadham College" ("the Chapel in Wadham College"), was inspired by his stay at Wadham, where he was a contemporary of Cecil Day-Lewis. where he among other befriended G.K. Laycock. Grieg made his debut in 1922 with first book of poetry ''Omkring Kap det gode Haab'' ("Around the Cape of Good Hope"), based on personal seagoing experiences - as was ''Skibet gaar videre'' ("The Ship Sails On") in 1924. The latter book aroused controversy for its exposure of sailors' harsh living and working conditions. Grieg spent 1927 as a newspaper correspondent in China, where he witnessed firsthand the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communists. The same year saw the production of Grieg's plays ''En ung manns Kjaerlighet'' ("A Young Man's Love") and ''Barabbas'' - the later giving a modern revolutionary interpretation to the New Testament character Barabas.〔〔(''Nordahl Grieg'' (NRK) )〕 The 1929 poetry collection ''Norge i våre hjerter'' ("Norway in Our Heart") - expressing deep love for his country and his people in their then poverty and misery - got wide critical acclaim. Feelings of compassion for the poor and exploited led Grieg to join the Norwegian Communist Party. From 1933 to 1935, he lived in the Soviet Union. He was officially invited to study the techniques of Soviet stage and film.〔 Upon returning to Norway, he became known as an ardent supporter of Joseph Stalin's policies, and became the chairman of the Friends of the Soviet Union in the same year. In 1937, he famously wrote a defence for the Moscow Trials, attacking a number of Norwegian authors who had criticized these trials. His novel ''Ung må verden ennu være'' was also a defence for Stalin and the Moscow Trials. In many articles, he also criticized the supporters of Leon Trotsky, whom he viewed as a traitor to the workers' cause 〔Hoem, op. cit., p. 220〕 and who lived in Norway between 1937 and 1939. His 1935 play ''Vår ære og vår makt'' (Our Honor and Our Glory), depicting the lives of Norwegian sailors during WWI (when Norway was neutral and traded with both sides) was an attack on shipping industry's exploitation of seafarers. From 1936 to 1937, Grieg published the magazine ''Veien Frem'', which initially succeeded in attracting a number of prominent writers, but as the magazine adopted an increasingly Stalinist position in the discussion relating to the Moscow Trials, most of them severed ties with it and it ceased publication.〔 His 1937 dramatic play ''Nederlaget'' ("The Defeat") was about the Paris Commune.〔(''Nordahl Grieg )'' (NRK Forfatter)〕 The Spanish Civil War was the subject of ''Spansk sommer'' ("Spanish Summer") (1937) and partly also of the novel ''Ung må verden ennu være'' ("May the World Stay Young")(1938), the latter's plot shifting between Spain and the Soviet Union. The same was also inspired the 1936 poem ''Til ungdommen'' ("For the Youth"), one of his most well-known works, which was set to music in 1952 by the Danish composer Otto Mortensen and was performed on numerous occasions (see Til ungdommen). However, the outbreak of the Second World War, and especially the German invasion and occupation of Norway, brought Grieg into great variance with Stalin's policies. The Soviet Union signed in 1939 the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact with Nazi Germany and until being itself invaded in 1941 instructed Communists worldwide to regard the ongoing war as "an Imperialist War" in which they should not take part. Conversely Grieg, as a staunch anti-Nazi and a Norwegian patriot, committed himself from 1940 onwards to the struggle against the occupation following the German invasion of Norway. In the winter of 1939-40, Grieg served in the Norwegian Army in Finnmark on neutrality guard during the Russo-Finnish Winter War. In 1940, having served during the Norwegian Campaign against the Germans, he escaped to the United Kingdom in the same vessel carrying the Norwegian Royal family and the National Gold reserves.〔〔(''Nordahl Grieg'' (Dagbladet Forfatter) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nordahl Grieg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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